Acceleration of the seasoning speed of surface coverings



Patented Aug. 11, 1942 ACCELERATION OF THE SEASONING SPEED OF SURFACECOVERINGS Donald G. Patterson, Stamford, Conn., assignor to AmericanCyanamid Company, New York,

v N. Y., a corporation of Maine No Drawing. Application April 26, 1940,

' Serial No. 331,811

1 Claim. This invention relates to the acceleration of the compositionssuch as floor covering compositions containing siccative binders.

- An object of this invention is to provide accelerators for surfacecovering compositions containing siccative binders which will cause suchcompositions to cure more rapidly.

This and other objects are attained by incorporating in a siccativecomposition which is to be used in a floor covering composition or othersurface covering composition formoguanamine.

The following example is given by way of illustration and not inlimitation.

' Example Parts by weight siccative bi r 30 Wood flour 30 Whiting 20Lithopone 20 Formoguanamine 0.1

These substances with or without a small proportion of drier, e. g.,0.1% cobalt naphthenate, are mixed together, e. g., in an internalmixer. The compacted mass which is delivered from the mixer may bedisintegrated, as by a set of scratch rolls which comprises a pluralityof rolls having intermeshing teeth projectingfrom their surfaces. Theresulting material is sheeted on calender rolls or optionally it may befurther .rate of curing or seasoning of surface covering mixed anddisintegrated and then calendered."

The material may be calendered on to burlap or other fibrous backing ifdesired. The sheeted material is placed in a. stoving. oven throughwhich a current of heated air from about 70 C. to about 90 C. iscirculated until the material is completely seasoned, i. e., until thesheet acquires the necessary degree of hardness. Higher or lowertemperatures may be used if desirable.

The hardness may be measured by any of the methods generally employed inthe manufacture of linoleum. See the Federal Stock Catalogue (U. S.Government Printing Ofiice), section 4,

part 5, pages ILL-L351 et seq. and pages LLL-L-36l et seq., for themethod employed herein. The time required for seasoning a 2 mm. sheet ofthe above composition is about 4 to 5 days. The resulting seasoned flooror surface covering has about the same strength, flexibility and coloras compositions not containing the accelerator; ties may be changed bymany other accelerators sufliciently and in such a way that thematerials One or more of these propersiccative oil as used herein othergums produced therewith are unsatisfactory. The seasoning speed of a 2mm. sheet of the same mixture which does not contain the formoguanamineis about 18 to 20 days.

The siccative binder utilized in the above example is an alkyd resinwhich has siccative properties, i. e., a reaction product of fumaricacid with a non-conjugated terpene (alpha pinene) and triethyleneglycol, modified with linseed oil fatty acids. Other similar resins maybe used which are drying oil-modified reaction products of maleic orfumaric acids with a terpene and a polyhydric alcohol. Other alkydresins which are modified with drying oils may be used such as thephthalic-glyceride resins, the glycolrmaleic resins, and mixed resinssuch as the phthalicfumaric-glycol-glyceride resins. With other types ofbinders, the seasoning temperature may be varied appropriately and, ofcourse, the time required may be diiferent. About the same proportionalaccelerating effect is obtained when various siccative binders areemployed.

Other binders which may be used are those which are derived from thedrying oils and may be made in any convenient well-known manner, such asthe method described in British Patent 305,656, or the binders maycomprise any of the various alkyd resins having siccative properties.For drying oil binders, linseed oil is preferable for economic reasons,but other siccative oils may oil, tung oil, soya-bean oil, perilla oil,,oiticica oil,.

Scheiber oil,sunflower-seed. oil, etc. The. term is intended to includenot only the so-called drying oils but also the so-called semi-dryingoils. Furthermore, it is possible to use mixtures of siccative oils withother fatty oils of the non-drying type.

It may be preferable in the manufacture of linoleum tomake use ofso-called scrim-oil or shed oil either alone or fluxed with rosin or orresins and/or mixed with a proportion of the so-called mechanical oil.Either of these types of oils may be used singly if desired.

In the preparation of the siccative oil binders is customary to userosin in admixture with the oil although other substances of the sametype may be used, e. g., Kauri gum, Congo gum, ester and/or the whitingand e. g., about 0.005-1%.

- and/or glass, etc. Among the pigments which may be used the followingare included: lithopone, barytes, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, chromates,red lead, white lead, malachite green, chrome green, chrome yellow,Prussian blue, etc. Similarly dyes and lakes may be used if desirable.

It is generally preferable to use driers in the preparation of thebinders. The drier is usually added to the binder during the oxidationprocess and if desirable additional drier may be added when the binder,fillers, etc., are mixed together. Suitable driers include theoil-soluble salts such as the naphthenates, resinates and linoleates ofcobalt, lead, manganese, zinc and chromium. Only a small proportion ofthese driers' based on the siccative oil content is generally sumcient,

although larger proportions may be used as expedient. Obviously. variousmixtures of driers may be used.

The term "seasoning as applied to linoleum compositions indicates theprocess of curing by heating or equivalent treatment to polymerizeoxidize the composition to a stage wherein the floor covering issufficiently hard and resistant to abrasion to be suitable for itsintended purpose and yet is still suiiiciently flexible to permit theusual bending and rolling required of llineigemn. The term "maturing" issimilarly iron oxide,

' I have found that only a small proportion of formoguanamine isgenerally suflicient, e. g., (Ll-5% of the siccative composition butobviously' smaller or larger proportions may be used it desirable. Insome instances, the alkali resistance may be improved somewhat by theuse of formoguanamine.

My accelerator is preferably added mixing of the binder with thefillers, though it may be added before or during the oxidation ofthe-binder. If my acceleratoris added before or during the oxidation, itmay inhibit somewhat the gelation of the siccative binder. It is to benoted, however, that after gelation, my accelerator speeds up the curingof the siccative composition.

Obviously many modifications in the processes and compositions describedabove may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention as defined in the appended claim.

I claim:

In a process of curing a surface covering composition includinga-siccative material selected from the group consisting of drying oilsand drying oil modified polyhvdric alcohol-polybasic acid resins, thestep which comprises adding to such a composition formoguanamine.

during the nomm G. rims.

etc., aiv

